
For most of history that would defeat the purpose of a last name, since people introduced themselves as “X, son of Y” bc parent Y is the one whose status determines yours. Also, I think fidelity on was the norm for women until very recently so the whole “well the dad could be anyone” problem is more a modern one and would utterly dumbfound people throughout most of history. Reinventing the whole system to accommodate for women’s’ infidelity would be really embarrassing to whoever suggested it.
i'm assuming the answer is probably sexism then. it's just really interesting to me since infidelity has been around for ages and how it used to be scandalous to get pregnant out of wedlock. i wonder how many people lived and died having the name of a man that wasn't their father.