
Soviet Jews overall preferred to go to the USA instead of Israel, because the USA was safer and offered more economic opportunities. And Israel wanted to stop this, so all emigrating Soviet Jews would come to Israel. This was for several reasons. Some were ideological. A Zionist government hates when Jews choose to go somewhere else instead of to Israel. It kind of fucks with their whole “all Jews must come to Israel” thing. Some were practical, Soviet Jews were highly educated.
as someone who grew up going to jewish private school thank you for all this history! this is the exact information zionists usually hold from us when talking about israel so they can paint israel as some “perfect land” for jews when in reality it’s really not. i grew up learning about israel as a country with no fault and have had to relearn the history myself since leaving my old private school.
And there’s another, disturbing reason. In the 1970s, Israel’s Arab population had a high birth rate, and Israel had just seized new majority-Arab territories. The government feared this increasing Arab population, so they sought new populations of Jews to offset them. Israel had already absorbed the mizrahi jewish communities that fled Arab nations following 1948. But Israel didn’t like these communities much. They were seen as “too Arab,” “too religious,” and “backwards.”
So, what to do about this rising Arab population? Get a bunch of Soviet Jewish immigrants. By cutting off access to the USA, Soviet Jews seeking a better life would have to come to Israel. They would offset the arab demographic gain, and their European culture was considered superior by the Ashkenazi (European Jewish) establishment to Mizrahi culture.
When the mizrahim first arrived in israel, they were put into squalid camps (while Ashkenazi immigrants at the same time were put into urban homes). By the time the Soviet Jews were arriving, the Mizrahim had been established in peripheral settlements and public housing. These new Soviet Jews, also excluded by the Hebrew-speaking Ashkenazi social class, were then placed into these marginal, peripheral settlements.
The soviet jews now occupy an odd space in Israeli society. Highly educated, but socially marginalized. Distrusted for their “non-Jewishness” due to Soviet assimilation. Often very resistant to learning Hebrew and inhabiting Russian-speaking enclaves. I think the mistreatment of Jewish immigrants and the diaspora by the Israeli government isn’t talked about much, so I wanted to share an example.
I think the history is really interesting and it’s important for a proper understanding of why modern Israel is like that. I recently went down a fascinating rabbit hole about how the Yiddish language was intentionally repressed by pro-Hebrew Zionist factions, who viewed Yiddish as a diasporic cultural element which had to be eradicated.
Hebrew was considered essential in constructing a new national identity that rejected diasporic culture. So in the 1920s and 30s in Palestine there were many incidents of Yiddish newspaper stand being burned, pro-Yiddish academics being assaulted, and even theaters playing Yiddish cinema to be protested against.
It’s so depressing to me that one of the primary goals of the Jewish state is to overwrite Jewish history and culture with an Americanized shell of itself. Like, imagine if Israel actually followed Jewish doctrine. The amount of good they could do for the world would be staggering. But of course, as is the case for MANY religions, doctrine is perverted by malicious interpretation.
Yeah I think one of the things I vore about diasporic culture (I’m not Jewish so keep that in mind) that is fundamentally different from Israel, is that diasporic Jewish communities are *both* Jewish and from their country of origin. Removing the Hungarian cultural element from Hungarian Jews is cultural erasure just like removing the Jewish culture in favor of Hungarian assimilation would be.
It’s also odd to watch like the tensions of culture in Israel today as a result of the history. Like for sample, Israel was founded by Ashkenazim and for a long time was dominated by them. So you might expect that current government policy is driven by this privileged group, but it isn’t. The ashkenazim tend to be more left wing and less anti-Palestinian. Netanyahu’s primary base of support is actually the socially conservative Mizrahi community (and the Russians vote pretty conservative too).
Precisely. They want a Jewish monoculture. I know these comparisons have been made a lot more in recent years, but it is very striking to me how closely nazi germany and Israel align on cultural and ethnic purity. “Yeah you’re German, but you’re not aryan.” “Yeah you’re Jewish, but you’re not Ashkenazi or Sephardic.”
Also, religion has tension. Like on one end of the spectrum some super-fundamentalist haredi Jews oppose Israel’s existence because it’s too secular and because the messiah hasn’t come yet. Meanwhile slightly different religious fundamentalists tend to be the most aggressive West Bank settlers. And Israel was founded by secular Zionists, but nowadays non-religious Jews in the diaspora are often those least supportive of Israel.
Yeah. I guess a lot of it is just like what happens when you have the inherently problematic idea of nation-states. If Germany is for “Germans,” anyone who doesn’t fit the mold is a problem. And if Israel is supposed to be the single unified Jewish nation, cultural diversity harms the goal for uniformity.
Because I’m not Jewish and don’t live in a very Jewish area I don’t really have a good point of reference for the divisions in attitudes within the American Jewish community. Like I have *heard* about the anti-Zionist Hasidics but have never encountered them if that makes sense. And I mean like the more typical ones not the neturei karta fringe which is all over TikTok because they go to protests.
My personal experience with local Hasidics is mainly just that they’re kind of sexist, often very snappy and rude, and also break housing and fire codes like all the fucking time. Generally just unpleasant towards outsiders. …however, they aren’t genocidal. Which is more than can be said for some more moderate Jews I know.
Yeah that aligns with what I’d generally expect. They strike me kind of like Jewish Amish. Very closed off, isolated from outsiders, lots of kids, misogynistic, distinctive hats (lol). I have heard some very concerning things about the education quality in yeshivas. Stuff about intentionally limiting math and English education so kids have no choice but to remain within the Hasidic community.
Similar to how I think it’s a shame that Pennsylvania German dialects only survive among the closed off Amish and old order Mennonites, I’m saddened that Yiddish is largely limited to these religious fundamentalist communities. But I guess it makes sense that the most isolated communities would preserve a language the longest.